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1 Italian Hemp
A very high-grade of hemp fibre prepared by water-retting and is of a creamy white colour, lustrous, soft and pliable. It makes a satisfactory substitute for flax and is used for medium grades of nearly all classes of goods commonly made from flax, except the finer linens. -
2 Hemp
A fibre obtained from the stalk of the plant " Cannibis sativa." It is inferior in quality to flax, but stronger and easily bleached. It is grown in India, Italy, Russia, Poland and many other countries. The better grades are used in the manufacture of carpets. It is obtained in a similar manner to flax by retting, breaking, crushing, cutting and hackling. It is not rotted by water and is much used for ropes, sailcloth, etc. (see common Hemp). Hemp Varieties - Among the different varieties of hemp appearing in trade are the following: - Ambari (or brown) hemp, Bengal (or Bombay) hemp, Blackfellow's hemp, Bowstring (Africa), Bowstring (Florida), Calcutta hemp (jute), Cebu, Colorado River, Cretan, Cuban, False hemp (America), False sisal hemp. Giant hemp (China), Hayti, Ife, Indian, Jubbulpore (Madras), Manila, New Zealand hemp (or flax), Pangane, Pita, Pua (India), Queensland, Rangoon, Roselle, Sisal, Sunn, Swedish, Tampico, Water, Wild, Italian (see under each name) ————————NEW ZEALAND FLAX, or HEMPThe fibre obtained from the Phormium Tenax plant which is a native of New Zealand and South Australia. The fibre is very white, soft and flexible and has a high lustre. It differs from most hemp fibres in that it is obtained from the leaf and not the bast. It is not so fine or regular as true flax, nor does it spin as well, but it is superior to either flax or hemp in its tenacity. It is largely used for cordage, twine and floor-matting, through the best fibre is woven into a duck fabric closely resembling linen. There are numerous local names for this plant - The common variety of the lowland swamps is Harakeke, that of the higher ground is Paritanewha, and the best variety is called Taihore. The fibre is generally known as Muka. -
3 Common Hemp
The so-called common hemp is the hemp proper and is derived from the bast of Cannabis sativa, a shrub growing from 6 feet to 15 feet in height. Though originally a native of India and Persia, it is now cultivated in nearly all the temperate and tropical countries or the world. It is an annual plant, with a straight stalk, and elongated, highly dentated leaves. The leaves have a narcotic odour and occur in bunches of three, five or seven. Russia produces an enormous quantity, Poland also is a large producer, both these are of a lower quality than others. French hemp is much superior in quality to that from either Russia or Poland, being fine, white and lustrous. Italian hemp is also of a very high grade. Indian hemp is grown not so much for its fibre as for its narcotic properties. Japanese hemp is of excellent quality, and appears in trade in the form of very thin ribbons, smooth and glossy, of a light straw colour, and the frayed ends showing a fibre of exceeding fineness. Hemp is the oldest textile that has been used in Japan. Hemp fibre is obtained from the plant by a process of retting, similar to that used for flax. Dew retting is chiefly employed, that is, the stalks are spread out in the fields until the action of the elements causes the woody tissue and gums enclosing the fibres to decompose. It is said that 100 parts of raw hemp produce 25 parts of raw fibre or filasse; and loo parts of the latter yields 65 parts of combed filasse and 32 parts of tow. The commercial fibre is pearly-grey, yellowish or greenish to brown in colour, and from 40-in. to 80-in. long. It is not as fine as linen, though its tensile strength is appreciably greater. The best qualities of hemp are very light in colour and possess a high lustre almost equal to linen. Hemp is principally used for twines and cordage, for which its great strength eminently adapts it, and also because it is very durable and does not rot in water. The better qualities of hemp are also used for " linen " crash, homespuns, carpets and as warp in making carpets and mgs. -
4 Strappatura Hemp
Trade term for plucking waste of the Italian hemp, graded as SE, SPS, and ST, meaning Extra, Prime seconds, and Thirds. This waste is produced in squaring the long hemp in the selecting warehouses. -
5 итальянская пенька
Русско-английский текстильный словарь > итальянская пенька
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6 итальянская пенька
Textile: Bologna hemp, Italian hemp, Piedmontese hemp, great hempУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > итальянская пенька
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7 Stoppa Tow
Or SPS is the Italian trade term for hemp scutching tow. " Strappatura " literally is really " pluckings " from the ends, but scutching tows are commercially classed as strappature puliti and strappature correnti, clean and ordinary. The pluckings are called " Teste di Canape " (heads of hemp) and are divided into " Teste Salte " (selected), and " Teste Correnta " (ordinary). The two classes strappature and heads of hemp are sometimes rescutched, the strappatures giving " Stoppa fortes " II, and heads of hemp " Stoppa fortes" I. " Stoppa fine " is hand dressers' tow. Assecature is a very superior tow produced in limited quantities. Hackled or dressed hemp is produced in Frallamaggiore, Agragoln. " Spontick " is the chief long line imported. -
8 Sodolin
A material of Italian production and is a mixture of hemp and flax. It is intended for weaving into wearing apparel, household and furnishing fabrics. It is claimed that it can be dyed or printed and requires no finish, is easily washable and very durable.
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